1. Planning and Scoping

• Define the scope of the assessment (e.g., specific systems, network segments, applications).
• Identify any restrictions, exclusions, or legal boundaries.
• Clarify the goals and expectations with stakeholders.

2. Information Gathering

• Collect data on the target environment through open-source intelligence (OSINT) tools like Shodan or Nmap for network scanning, identifying IP ranges, and system details.
• Perform reconnaissance on network infrastructure, hosts, applications, and possible entry points.

3. Vulnerability Assessment

• Use vulnerability scanning tools (like Nessus, OpenVAS, or Qualys) to identify weaknesses in the systems or applications within scope.
• Evaluate identified vulnerabilities based on severity, impact, and exploitability.
• Prioritize vulnerabilities that pose the greatest risk.

4. Exploitation (Penetration Testing)

• Try to exploit identified vulnerabilities to see if unauthorized access or other actions are possible.
• Use tools like Metasploit, Burp Suite, or manual testing techniques to verify the extent of each vulnerability.
• Document each successful exploit, noting the access level or data retrieved, and how the vulnerability was exploited.

5. Post-Exploitation and Analysis

• After gaining access, analyze what data, systems, or further vulnerabilities are accessible.
• Document findings, especially any privilege escalations or lateral movement within the environment.

6. Reporting and Recommendations

• Compile a detailed report outlining all vulnerabilities discovered, exploitation results, and potential impacts.
• Offer recommendations for remediation or mitigation based on priority and criticality.
• We Include an executive summary for stakeholders and a technical section for IT teams.